![]() Electrochemical catalyst-support effects and their stabilizing role for IrO x nanoparticle catalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction. Nickel-molybdenum alloy catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction: Activity and stability revised. Stability and activity of non-noble-metal-based catalysts toward the hydrogen evolution reaction. The synthesis of nanostructured Ni 5P 4 films and their use as a non-noble bifunctional electrocatalyst for full water splitting. Hollandite structure K x ≈ 0.25IrO 2 catalyst with Highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction. OER activity manipulated by IrO6 coordination geometry: An insight from pyrochlore iridates. Water-splitting electrocatalysis in acid conditions using ruthenate-iridate pyrochlores. Iridium-based double perovskites for efficient water oxidation in acid media. A highly active and stable IrO x/SrIrO 3 catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. Oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions on Ru, RuO 2, Ir, and IrO 2 thin film electrodes in acidic and alkaline electrolytes: A comparative study on activity and stability. The stability number as a metric for electrocatalyst stability benchmarking. Dissolution of noble metals during oxygen evolution in acidic media. ![]() On the origin of the improved ruthenium stability in RuO 2-IrO 2 mixed oxides. Our results highlight the potential of utilizing thin noble metal films with earth abundant support materials for future catalytic applications in the energy sector. Based on our results, we elaborate on strategies how to obtain stable and active catalysts with maximized iridium utilisation for the oxygen evolution reaction and demonstrate how the activity and durability can be tailored correspondingly. In-situ, time- and potential-resolved dissolution experiments reveal how the stability of the substrate and the catalyst layer thickness directly affect the activity and stability of deposited iridium oxide. By combining different tin oxide based support materials with liquid atomic layer deposition of iridium oxide, new possibilities are opened up to grow thin layers of iridium oxide with tuneable noble metal amounts. In this manuscript we elaborate on the concept of maximizing the utilisation of iridium for the oxygen evolution reaction. Since catalytic stability and activity are inversely related, long service lifetime still demands large amounts of low-abundant and expensive iridium. The reduction in noble metal content for efficient oxygen evolution catalysis is a crucial aspect towards the large scale commercialisation of polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers.
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